Index: sm/workshop/2012/Talks/02_Capabilities/02_Capabilities.tex =================================================================== --- /issm/workshop/2012/Talks/02_Capabilities/02_Capabilities.tex (revision 14030) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,912 +1,0 @@ -%Preamble {{{1 -\documentclass[9pt,notes=hide]{beamer} % Document class: beamer %8 pts is also a good option -\usetheme[jpl,headstyle=institute,fnolabel=,sidebar=.15\paperwidth,footstyle=low,footsep={ $\cdot$ },TPomitframeno]{Pasadena} -\useinnertheme{MLHacks} % ISSM bonuses (ghostframes for example) -\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % T1 encoding is better for foreign langages -\usepackage{aeguill,aecompl} % Virtual fonts -\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts}% Mathematical symbols (useful for equations) -\usepackage{bm} % maths letters, real = IR -\usepackage{xcolor} % We can define new colors -\usepackage{graphicx} % Include pictures -\usepackage{times} % Use Times Font instead of default -\usepackage{appendixnumberbeamer} -\usepackage[framed,numbered,autolinebreaks,useliterate]{mcode} -\usepackage{movie15} - -\graphicspath{ % directories where the pictures are located -{Images/} -} -\hypersetup{pdfstartview={Fit}} % Acrobat reader: open fit to screen -\setbeamercovered{transparent} %invisible, transparent, dynamic, highly dynamic -%}}} -%Newcommands {{{1 -\newcommand*{\MAT}[1]{\ensuremath{\mathbf{#1}} } %Matrice name (Bold) -\newcommand*{\VEC}[1]{\ensuremath{\bm{#1}} } %Vector name (Bold Italic) -\newcommand*{\SET}[1]{\ensuremath{\mathcal{#1} }} %Set, Space (italic) -\newcommand*{\R}[0]{{\mathbb R}} %real set IR -\newcommand*{\N}[0]{{\mathbb N}} %natural set IN -\newcommand*{\Trace}[1]{\text{Tr}\left( #1\right)} %trace (Tr(A)) -\newcommand*{\abs}[1]{\left| #1\right|} %absolute value |x| -\newcommand*{\norm}[1]{\left\| #1 \right\|} %norm ||x|| -\newcommand*{\ent}[1]{\lfloor #1 \rfloor} %floor function [f] -\newcommand*{\grad}[1]{\nabla #1} -\newcommand*{\divergence}[1]{\nabla \cdot #1} -\newcommand*{\Divergence}[1]{\nabla \cdot #1} -\newcommand*{\eps}[0]{\dot{\bm \varepsilon}} %strain rate tensor -\newcommand*{\epseff}[0]{\ensuremath{\dot{\varepsilon}_{e} }} %effective strain rate -\newcommand*{\epscomp}[0]{\dot{\varepsilon}} %strain rate tensor component -\newcommand*{\stress}[0]{{\bm \sigma}} %stress tensor -\newcommand*{\devstress}[0]{\stress'} %deviatoric stress tensor -\newcommand*{\stresscomp}[0]{\ensuremath{\sigma}} %stress tensor component -\newcommand*{\vel}[0]{\VEC{v}} %velocity vector -\newcommand*{\velbar}[0]{\VEC{\bar{v} }} %velocity vector BAR -\newcommand*{\velobs}[0]{\ensuremath{\VEC{v}^{\text{obs}} }}%velocity obs -\newcommand*{\ubar}[0]{\ensuremath{\overline{v}_x}} %velocity vector BAR -\newcommand*{\vbar}[0]{\ensuremath{\overline{v}_y}} %velocity vector BAR -\newcommand*{\vx}[0]{\ensuremath{v_x}} %vx -\newcommand*{\vy}[0]{\ensuremath{v_y}} %vy -\newcommand*{\vz}[0]{\ensuremath{v_z}} %vz -\newcommand*{\vxobs}[0]{\ensuremath{v_x^{\text{obs}} }}%vx obs -\newcommand*{\vyobs}[0]{\ensuremath{v_y^{\text{obs}} }}%vy -\newcommand*{\pressure}[0]{p} %pressure -\newcommand*{\nx}[0]{\ensuremath{n_x}} %nx -\newcommand*{\ny}[0]{\ensuremath{n_y}} %ny -\newcommand*{\nz}[0]{\ensuremath{n_z}} %nz -\newcommand*{\Lagrangian}[0]{\ensuremath{\mathcal{L} }} -\newcommand*{\Ms}[0]{\ensuremath{\dot{M}_s}} -\newcommand*{\Mb}[0]{\ensuremath{\dot{M}_b}} -%%Automatically insert outline slide at the begining of each new subsection (very nice!) -%\AtBeginSection[]{ -%\begin{frame} -% \ghostframe %do not count slide -% \frametitle{Outline} % title of the slide -% \tableofcontents[currentsubsection] -%\end{frame} -%} -%}}} -%Presentation properties{{{1 -\title[Capabilities]{Ice Sheet System Model} -\subtitle{ISSM Capabilities} -\author[Larour et al.]{ -\textbf{Eric \textsc{Larour}}\inst{1}, -Eric \textsc{Rignot}\inst{1,3}, -Mathieu \textsc{Morlighem}\inst{1,2}, -H\'el\`ene \textsc{Seroussi}\inst{1,2} -Chris \textsc{Borstad}\inst{1}, -Feras \textsc{Habbal}\inst{1,3}, -Daria \textsc{Halkides}\inst{1,4}, -Behnaz \textsc{Khakbaz}\inst{1}, -John \textsc{Schiermeier}\inst{1}, -Nicole \textsc{Schlegel}\inst{1} -\vspace{1em} -} -\institute[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]{ -\inst{1}Jet Propulsion Laboratory - California Institute of Technology\\ -\inst{2}Laboratoire MSSMat, \'Ecole Centrale Paris, France\\ -\inst{3}University of California, Irvine\\ -\inst{4}Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science \& Engineering, UCLA -} -\conference[ISSM Workshop 2011]{ISSM Workshop 2011} -\date[]{\hspace{-15em}December 2011\hspace{3em}\copyright Copyright 2011. All rights reserved} -\logo{\includegraphics[width=8em]{ISSMlogo}} -%}}} -\begin{document} - -%Title slide %{{{1 -\begin{frame}[plain] %No headers or footers - \ghostframe - \titlepage -\end{frame} %}}} -\begin{frame}{Outline}%{{{1 - \tableofcontents -\end{frame}%}}} - -\section{Introduction} -\begin{frame}{Introduction}{History of ISSM}%{{{1 - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{history} - \end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\section{Capabilities} -\subsection{Diagnostic Models} -\begin{frame}{Diagnostic models of ice flow}%{{{1 -Solve mechanical stress-equilibrium for the entire ice sheet/ice shelf. Can be done in 2D (SSA) or -3D (SIA, Higher-order, Full-Stokes). Material is isotropic nonlinear (Glen's law) in the creep -regime of deformation. -\begin{center} - \begin{columns} - \column{0.4\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{equations4} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{square_ice_shelf_vel} - \end{columns} -\end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Inversion} -\begin{frame}{Inversion}%{{{1 - Rely on surface velocities (InSAR) to inver unknown parameters in the ice flow equations, such as - viscosity, ice rigidity or basal drag. - - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{equations5} - \end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{Inversion}%{{{1 - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{antarctica_8panel} - \end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Parallel Computing} -\begin{frame}{Parallel computing}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.4\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item ISSM can run on any platform (multi-core desktop), shared or distributed cluster - \item C++ implementation of computational core using MPICH and PETSc libraries + array of - parallel libraries for partitioning, iterative and direct solvers - \item Multi-threading of pre and post-processing modules to increase speed significantly - \end{itemize} - \column{0.6\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{parallel_compare} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Rifting/Faulting} -\begin{frame}{Rifting/Faulting}%{{{1 -ISSM can account for the presence of rifts and faults in an ice shelf by carrying out a steady-state -computation of the contact within the rifts/faults. -\begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{rifts} -\end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{Rifting/Faulting}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item Rifting and faulting account for contact stresses and the presence of melange - \item This is not an initiation or propagation capability - \item Relies on penalty methods to enforce contact conditions between flanks of rifts - \item Relies on diagnostic model to compute stresses across ice shelf - \begin{itemize} - \item This is not an LEFM capability. It assumes the entire ice shelf is creeping, and - there is no inclusion of elastic stresses - \end{itemize} - \end{itemize} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Higher-order, Full-Stokes} -\begin{frame}{Higher-order and Full-Stokes modeling}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item ISSM relies on the the 2D SSA to capture longitudinal stresses, 3D Blatter/Pattyn to - capture vertical shear stresses and full-Stokes equations to capture all stresses within - the ice sheet - \item Activation of all three formulations is seamless, relying on almost the same model setup - $\rightarrow$ experimentation is easy - \item Coupled with parallel computing and anisotropic meshing, higher-order modeling at the - continental scale is achievable with reasonable resolutions - \end{itemize} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{greenland_model_compare} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Anisotropic Adaptation} -\begin{frame}{Anisotropic adaptation}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.3\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item Adapt mesh according to a metric, such as surface velocity - \item Static capability, not transient adaptation - \item Relies on a rewrite of the BAMG anisotropic mesher \cite{Hecht2006} - \end{itemize} - \column{0.7\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{anisotropic_mesh} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Prognostic Models} -\begin{frame}{Prognostic modeling}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item Mass transport equations: - \end{itemize} - - \hspace{0.1\textwidth}\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{equations12.png} - - \begin{itemize} - \item Update of surface and bed is hydrostatic on ice shelves. For ice sheets, surface is - updated assuming the bedrock is fixed - \item Mass transport equations are coupled with diagnostic and thermal models to allow for - complete transient models to be run (SeaRISE 2011) - \item Boundary conditions assume fixed thickness at the ice divide, and free flux of mass at the - calving front or the grounded margins - \item Calving front dynamics not included yet - \item Grounding line dynamics is hydrostatically treated - \end{itemize} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Thermal Analysis} -\begin{frame}{Thermal modeling}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item Thermal model, full-advection and full-diffusion in 3D + viscous heating. Mesh - velocity in vertical direction. - \end{itemize} - \[ \frac{\partial T}{\partial t} = \left(\VEC{w} - \VEC{v}\right)\cdot\nabla T + \frac{k_{th}}{\rho c}\Delta - T + \frac{\Phi}{\rho c}\] - %\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{equations13a} - \begin{itemize} - \item Boundary conditions: - \begin{itemize} - \item $T = T_s$ at surface - \item At ice/bed interface: - \end{itemize} - \end{itemize} - %\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{equations13c} - \[ k_{th}\nabla T \cdot \VEC{n} = G - \VEC{\tau}_b \cdot \VEC{v}_b \] - \begin{itemize} - \item \cite{Holland1999} at the ice/ocean interface: - \end{itemize} - %\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{equations13d} - \[ k_{th}\nabla T \cdot \VEC{n} = -\rho_w c_p M \gamma\left(T-T_f\right)\] - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{antarctica_thermal} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{Melting at the ice/bed interface}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.6\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item Two models for computing melting rates: - \begin{itemize} - \item Linear model where computation of temperatures is updated once for each temperature that - goes above pressure melting point - \item Non-linear model where fixed-point scheme is used, where temperatures are updated until - all of temperature field is below or at pressure melting point - \end{itemize} - \end{itemize} - Melting rate is recovered using: - - \hspace{0.1\paperwidth}\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{equations14} - - where $T^*$ is the temperature without pressure melting point constraints and $T$ is the - temperature after application of constraints. Non-linear model results in much lower melting rates, even though locations for melting are - similar. It is critical to take into account non-linearity of thermal model, at least in steady-state! - \column{0.4\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{antarctica_melting} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Sensitivity Analysis} -\begin{frame}{Sensitivity analysis}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.4\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item Sampling and local reliability methods to study the impact of different areas of the - mesh - \item Sampling of the mesh using Chaco, Scotch and Metis partitioners - \item Partition the mesh into equal area subsections, which can be then updated for each sample of a - Monte-Carlo or local reliability simulation - \end{itemize} - \column{0.6\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pig_sensitivity} -\end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{Sensitivity analysis}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item Results can then be plotted in histograms for sampling analysis or importance factors - for local reliability methods - \end{itemize} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pig_sensitivity2} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pig_sensitivity_hist} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Ice Thickness Assimilation} -\begin{frame}{Assimilation of ice thickness (balanced thickness)}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item Ice thickness can be optimized to ensure smooth divergence of the flux (thinning - rate) \cite{Morlighem2011} - \end{itemize} - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Images/79nThickness} - \end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{3D Hydrostatic Grounding Line Migration} -\begin{frame}{3D Hydrostatic grounding line migration}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item At each time step of the transient ice flow solution, we check the following for every - vertex of the mesh: - \item[] $b \leq b_a$ where $b_a$ is the depth of the glacier bed or seafloor. For most ice sheet/ice - shelf configurations, $b$ is negative. If this condition is verified for a floating vertex - (i.e., on an ice shelf), we ground the vertex and force $b = b_a$ - \item[] $b > b_{HE}$ where $b_{HE}$ is the depth of the bottom of the ice in hydrostatic equilibrium: - $b_{HE} = −H\rho/\rho_w$. If this condition is verified for a grounded vertex (i.e., on the ice sheet), - we unground the vertex and force $b = b_{HE}$ - \end{itemize} -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{3D Hydrostatic grounding line migration}%{{{1 - \includegraphics<1>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-1.png} - \includegraphics<2>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-2.png} - \includegraphics<3>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-3.png} - \includegraphics<4>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-4.png} - \includegraphics<5>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-5.png} - \includegraphics<6>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-6.png} - \includegraphics<7>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-7.png} - \includegraphics<8>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-8.png} - \includegraphics<9>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-9.png} - \includegraphics<10>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-10.png} - \includegraphics<11>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-11.png} - \includegraphics<12>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-12.png} - \includegraphics<13>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-13.png} - \includegraphics<14>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-14.png} - \includegraphics<15>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-15.png} - \includegraphics<16>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-16.png} - \includegraphics<17>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-17.png} - \includegraphics<18>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-18.png} - \includegraphics<19>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-19.png} - \includegraphics<20>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-20.png} - \includegraphics<21>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-21.png} - \includegraphics<22>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-22.png} - \includegraphics<23>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-23.png} - \includegraphics<24>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-24.png} - \includegraphics<25>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-25.png} - \includegraphics<26>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-26.png} - \includegraphics<27>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-27.png} - \includegraphics<28>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-28.png} - \includegraphics<29>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-29.png} - \includegraphics<30>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-30.png} - \includegraphics<31>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-31.png} - \includegraphics<32>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-32.png} - \includegraphics<33>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-33.png} - \includegraphics<34>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-34.png} - \includegraphics<35>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-35.png} - \includegraphics<36>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-36.png} - \includegraphics<37>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-37.png} - \includegraphics<38>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-38.png} - \includegraphics<39>[width=\textwidth]{LongTransient-39.png} -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{3D Hydrostatic grounding line migration}%{{{1 - \includegraphics<1>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-1.png} - \includegraphics<2>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-2.png} - \includegraphics<3>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-3.png} - \includegraphics<4>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-4.png} - \includegraphics<5>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-5.png} - \includegraphics<6>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-6.png} - \includegraphics<7>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-7.png} - \includegraphics<8>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-8.png} - \includegraphics<9>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-9.png} - \includegraphics<10>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-10.png} - \includegraphics<11>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-11.png} - \includegraphics<12>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-12.png} - \includegraphics<13>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-13.png} - \includegraphics<14>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-14.png} - \includegraphics<15>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-15.png} - \includegraphics<16>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-16.png} - \includegraphics<17>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-17.png} - \includegraphics<18>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-18.png} - \includegraphics<19>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-19.png} - \includegraphics<20>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-20.png} - \includegraphics<21>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-21.png} - \includegraphics<22>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-22.png} - \includegraphics<23>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-23.png} - \includegraphics<24>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-24.png} - \includegraphics<25>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-25.png} - \includegraphics<26>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-26.png} - \includegraphics<27>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-27.png} - \includegraphics<28>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-28.png} - \includegraphics<29>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-29.png} - \includegraphics<30>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-30.png} - \includegraphics<31>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-31.png} - \includegraphics<32>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-32.png} - \includegraphics<33>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-33.png} - \includegraphics<34>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-34.png} - \includegraphics<35>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-35.png} - \includegraphics<36>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-36.png} - \includegraphics<37>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-37.png} - \includegraphics<38>[width=0.9\textwidth]{GroundingLine-38.png} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Hydrology} -\begin{frame}{Hydrology model}%{{{1 - \cite{Lebrocq2009}: the evolution of the water-film thickness $(w)$ is given by: - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{equations20a} - \end{center} - With $w$ the water thickness, $S$ the basal melting rate and $\bar{u_w}$ the depth-averaged water - velocity vector. - - Assuming a laminar flow between two parallel plates: - - \includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{equations20b}\hspace{12pt} and \hspace{12pt} - \includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{equations20c} - - where $\mu$ is the water viscosity, $z_s$ and $z_b$ the surface and bed elevatinos, $N$ the - effective pressure and $\Phi$ the pressure potential. -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{Hydrology model}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.4\textwidth} - Because we assume a non-arborescent drainage system, we cancel the effective pressure $N$: - - \vspace{12pt}\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{equations21a}\vspace{12pt} - - This set of assumptions results in the following non-linear system: - - \vspace{12pt}\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{equations21b} - - \column{0.6\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{basal_hydrology} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Svn/Trac} -\begin{frame}{Svn/Trac}%{{{1 - Download page: \url{http://issm.jpl.nasa.gov/installation/download/} - \begin{itemize} - \item Install SVN (Apache Subversion) - \item Checkout ISSM: \\ \texttt{\$ svn --username anon --password anon checkout https://issm.ess.uci.edu:80/svn/issm/issm} - \item Update ISSM: \\ \texttt{\$ svn update} - \end{itemize} -\end{frame}%}}} -\begin{frame}{Svn/Trac}%{{{1 - Trac system with wiki - - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{trac} - \end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Nightly Runs} -\begin{frame}{Nightly runs}%{{{1 - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{nightly_runs} - \end{center} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Test Suite} -\begin{frame}{Test suite}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \begin{itemize} - \item 626 tests run on a nightly-basis - \item Serial/Parallel run comparisons - \item Internal checks - \item Solution checks - \item Numerical accuracy checks - \item Run several times a day, to capture code updates which break the software - \end{itemize} - \column{0.5\textwidth} - \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{test_runs} - \end{columns} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\subsection{Doxygen} -\begin{frame}{Doxygen}%{{{1 - \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{doxygen} -\end{frame}%}}} - -\section{What ISSM cannot do} -\subsection{Ice flow models} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Ice models}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item Ice anisotropy not included (ice fabrics) - \item[$\rightarrow$] Ice considered isotropic - \item Cold ice model used in thermal model - \item[$\rightarrow$] No polythermal ice - \item Moving grounding line based on hydrostatic equilibrium - \item[$\rightarrow$] Not implemented for full-Stokes (based on contact mechanics) - \item Ice front and margins fixed in time, no calving law - \item[$\rightarrow$] Calving rate equal to ice velocity - \end{itemize} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Basal conditions} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Basal conditions}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item Basal friction fixed in time - \item Hydrology not coupled to basal friction - \item Sub-glacial hydrology only - \item[$\rightarrow$] No englacial hydrology - \end{itemize} - \begin{center} - \begin{tabular}{c c} - \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{WaterColum} & \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{Drag} - \end{tabular} - \end{center} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Inversion and data assimilation} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Inversions and data assimilation}%{{{1 - \begin{columns} - \begin{column}{0.5\linewidth} - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{Basal_drag2} - \end{center} - \end{column} - \begin{column}{0.5\linewidth} - Inversions limited to: - \begin{itemize} - \item Ice rheology - \item Basal friction - \item Ice thickness consistency with velocities - \end{itemize} - $\rightarrow$ Assimilation for a given time - \end{column} - \end{columns} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Ice/atmosphere interactions} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Ice/atmosphere interactions}%{{{1 - Interaction between ice and atmosphere not modeled - \begin{itemize} - \item Surface mass balance transformed into ice - \item[$\rightarrow$] No PDD model (Positive Degree Day) - \item Snow instantaneously transformed into ice - \item[$\rightarrow$] No firn compaction - \end{itemize} - - \vspace{2em} - \begin{tabular}{c} - \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{Mass_balance}\\ - Schlegel et al., in preparation - \end{tabular} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Ice/ocean interactions} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Ice/ocean interactions}%{{{1 - Interaction between ice and ocean not included - \begin{itemize} - \item Melting rates under ice shelved prescribed - \item Sea level fixed at $z=0$ - \end{itemize} - $\rightarrow$ ECCO3 project to couple ocean and ice models - - \vspace{2em} - \begin{center} - \begin{tabular}{c} - \includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{Melting_rate}\\ - Schodlok et al., submitted - \end{tabular} - \end{center} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Other capabilities} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Other capabilities}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item Post-glacial rebound - \item Rift propagations - \end{itemize} - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{Rifts} - \end{center} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Numerics} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Numerics}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item Only triangle (2D) and prismatic (3D) elements - \item[$\rightarrow$] No quadrangle elements - \item Only P1 (piecewise linear nodal functions) - \item[$\rightarrow$] No quadratic or higher-order interpolations - \item Non-linear iterations based on Picard method (fixed-point) - \item[$\rightarrow$] No Newton iterations - \item Direct solver used for full-Stokes model - \item[$\rightarrow$] No scalable solver (iteratif solver) - \end{itemize} -\end{frame} -%}}} - -\section{Parallel capabilities} -\subsection{Introduction} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Introduction}%{{{1 - - ISSM code can be compiled into one executable that can be run independent of Matlab, in - any cluster, be it shared or distributed. - \begin{center} - \includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{SoftwareArchitecture} - \end{center} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Parallel libraries} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Parallel libraries}%{{{1 - - ISSM relies on a series of libraries to implement parallelism: - \begin{itemize} - \item PETSc Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific - Computation \cite{petsc-efficient,petsc-user-ref,petsc-website}. PETSc is - a suite of data structures and routines for the scalable solution of - scientific applications modeled by partial differential equations. Used mainly - for its parallel structures (Vec and Mat objects) and iterative parallel solvers. - \item MPICH1,2: Message Passing Interface \cite{Gropp:1996:HPI,mpich-user} to manage parallel - communications between all cpus during solution sequences. - \item METIS: Software Package for Partitioning Unstructured Graphs, Partitioning Meshes, and - Computing Fill-Reducing Orderings of Sparse Matrices \cite{Karypis1998}. This package is - used to partition objects such as elements and vertices across a cluster. This partitioning - scheme results in partitions that have equal numbers of elements on each cluster node. - \item MUMPS: Multifrontal Massively Parallel Sparse direct solver - \cite{MUMPS:1,MUMPS:2}. Direct solver that suffers few convergence issues. Relied - upon often for the solution of any system of equations. - \end{itemize} - -\end{frame} -%}}} -\begin{frame}\frametitle{Parallel structures}%{{{1 - - ISSM relies on several objects (C language) implemented in PETSc for - parallelization: - \begin{itemize} - \item Vec object: holds a distributed vector with different parts distributed - row wise on every cpu. The solution vector computed by issm.exe is an example - of Vec object. - \item Mat object: holds a distributed matrix with different parts distributed - row wise on every cpu. The stiffness matrix computed by issm.exe in almost all - drivers is an example of Mat object. - \item Ksp and PC objecst: PETSc structures that hold a solver context and a - conditioner context. This is inherent to PETSc and the way solvers are run. - \end{itemize} - - Both Mat and Vec objects can be serialized for output, or during the solution, - for ease of use in indexing. - -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsection{Using ISSM's parallel capabilities} -\subsubsection{On the Matlab side} -\begin{frame}[fragile]\frametitle{On the Matlab side}%{{{1 -To launch on a specific cluster, type the following: -\lstinputlisting[firstline=1,lastline=4]{Code/launch.m} -The following settings are available on a generic cluster: -\begin{verbatim} ->> md.cluster - -ans = - -class 'generic' object 'ans' = - name: murdo - login: - np: 3 - port: 0 - codepath: /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/bin - executionpath: /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/execution - valgrind: /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/externalpackages/valgrind/install/bin/valgrind - valgrindlib: /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/externalpackages/valgrind/install/lib/libmpidebug.so - valgrindsup: /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/externalpackages/valgrind/issm.supp -\end{verbatim} -\end{frame} -%}}} -\begin{frame}[fragile]\frametitle{Matlab cluster classes}%{{{1 -Cluster classes are implemented for different types of clusters, such as NASA Pleiades -cluster, or generic cluster, or linux-64 clusters, etc. The cluster classes can be found -in -{\tiny -\begin{verbatim} - $pwd - /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/src/m/classes/clusters - $ ls - castor.m cosmos.m gemini.m generic.m none.m pfe.m pollux.m README -\end{verbatim} -} - -The main routines implemented in a cluster are: -{\tiny -\begin{verbatim} -%GENERIC cluster class definition -% -% Usage: -% cluster=generic('name','astrid',); -% cluster=generic('name','astrid','np',3); -% cluster=generic('name',oshostname(),'np',3,'login','username'); - -classdef generic - properties (SetAccess=public) - +-- 12 lines: % ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- - end - methods - +-- 24 lines: function cluster=generic(varargin) % ------------------------------------------- - +-- 14 lines: function disp(cluster) % ------------------------------------------------------- - +-- 9 lines: function checkconsistency(cluster,md,solution,analyses) % ---------------------- - +-- 44 lines: function BuildQueueScript(cluster,md) % ---------------------------------------- - +-- 29 lines: function LaunchQueueJob(cluster,md,options)% ----------------------------------- - +-- 27 lines: function Download(cluster,md)% ------------------------------------------------- - end - end -\end{verbatim} -} - - -These routines are called by solve.m script to run on that particular cluster. -First build queuing scripts, then send them to the cluster, where issm.exe is -compiled, along with a binary input file, and run on the cluster. -\end{frame} -%}}} -\begin{frame}[fragile]\frametitle{Matlab cluster classes}%{{{1 -Once the results are computed, we download the results back and post-process. -The download is controlled by the setting waitonlock. -{\tiny -\begin{verbatim} ->> md.settings - - ans = - - general settings parameters: - io_gather : 1 -- I/O gathering strategy for result outputs (default 1) - lowmem : 0 -- is the memory limited ? (0 or 1) - results_as_patches : 0 -- provide results as patches for each element (0 or 1) - output_frequency : 1 -- frequency at which results are saved in all solutions with multiple time_steps - waitonlock : 30 -- maximum number of minutes to wait for batch results, or return 0 -\end{verbatim} -} - -If waitonlock is Inf, the solve routine will lock until user tells it the download is finished. -If waitonlock fails (CTRL-D from user, or matlab crash), one can alway rely on downloading -from the cluster: -{\tiny -\begin{verbatim} ->> md=loadresultsfromcluster(md); -\end{verbatim} -} - -\end{frame} -%}}} -\subsubsection{On the Cluster side} -\begin{frame}[fragile]\frametitle{On the Cluster side}%{{{1 -On the cluster side, the LaunchQueueJob routine of the cluster class will ship a binary file -(marshalled data of the model) onto the cluster, and launch a script. -Here is the directory (trunk/execution) where things happen: - -{\tiny -\begin{verbatim} -[issm@issm test240-12-12-2011-23-6-43-24624]$ pwd -/Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/execution/test240-12-12-2011-23-6-43-24624 -[issm@issm test240-12-12-2011-23-6-43-24624]$ ls -test240-12-12-2011-23-6-43-24624.tar.gz test240.errlog test240.outbin test240.petsc -test240.bin test240.lock test240.outlog test240.queue - -\end{verbatim} -} - -test240.bin is the test240 binary input file to issm.exe. test240.queue is the script that is launched -on the cluster. test240.petsc holds the petsc settings. - -Once the cluster runs, we get a test240.outbin (which is downloaded by md=loadresultsfromcluster(md), or -by md=solve(md,...) + outlog and errlog files. - -\end{frame} -%}}} -\begin{frame}[fragile]\frametitle{Launching on Cluster side}%{{{1 -Here is a typical launch script such as test240.queue - -{\tiny -\begin{verbatim} -#!/bin/sh -mpiexec -np 3 /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/bin/issm.exe DiagnosticSolution /Users/issm/Desktop/issm/trunk/execution test240 -\end{verbatim} -} - -Here is the typical petsc settings test240.petsc: -{\tiny -\begin{verbatim} -%Petsc options file: test240.petsc written from Matlab solver array - -+NoneAnalysis --mat_type mpiaij --ksp_type preonly --pc_type lu --pc_factor_mat_solver_package mumps --mat_mumps_icntl_14 120 --pc_factor_shift_positive_definite true - -+DiagnosticVertAnalysis --mat_type mpiaij --ksp_type preonly --pc_type lu --pc_factor_mat_solver_package mumps --mat_mumps_icntl_14 120 --pc_factor_shift_positive_definite true -\end{verbatim} -} - -test240.queue can be used again and again until satisfying results. -test240.petsc settings can be modified until convergence is reached. -If you don't want to handle what's going on on the cluster side, you don't need to, -as the routine md=solve(md,...) handles everything transparently for you. - -\end{frame} -%}}} - -\subsection{Conclusions} -\begin{frame}{Conclusions}%{{{1 - \begin{itemize} - \item ISSM represents a wide array of capabilities, geared toward solving specific cryosphere - challenges such as projections of future sea level rise - \item Extensive software and architecture support, as well as wide array of numerical solutions - and physics implemented - \item Challenges remain, such as grounding line dynamics using FS, moving margins and ice/ocean - interactions - \end{itemize} -\end{frame}%}}} - -%\subsection{A small history of ISSM's development} -% -%\begin{frame}\frametitle{Development rationale}%{{{1 -%Bridge gap between Cryosphere models and InSAR surface velocity observations: -%\cite{Rommelaere1997}, \cite{MacAyeal1998}, \cite{Larour2005,Larour2005a} -%$\rightarrow$ develop inverse methods on simple diagnostic forward models. -% -%\begin{itemize} -% \item Diagnostic 2D SSA from \cite{MacAyeal1989} -% \item Inverse methods using InSAR surface velocities \cite{MacAyeal1992b} -% \begin{itemize} -% \item non-linear rheology on ice unconstrained ice shelves \cite{Larour2005,Larour2005a}, extended from \cite{Rommelaere1997} -% \item basal friction on ice sheets from \cite{MacAyeal1992b} -% \end{itemize} -%\end{itemize} -% -%JPL interested in parallel technologies applied to Finite Element Modeling, in the context -%of the CIELO software. Goal was to help in the design of Terrestrial Planet Finders (NASA -%missions TPF and SIM), which involve large aperture telescopes. -% -%\begin{itemize} -% \item Finite Element Modeling inspired on NASTRAN (engine behind CIELO) -% \item Parallel implementation based on MPICH-1,2 and PETSc. -%\end{itemize} -% -%\end{frame} -%%}}} -%\begin{frame}\frametitle{Development rationale-2}%{{{1 -% -%Interest in rifting and faulting processes and impact on ice rheology, \cite{Larour2004} -%$\rightarrow$ inclusion of rifting/faulting elements. NO propagation, NO inception, -%NO vertical crevassing. -% -%Interest in pushing forward capabilities to model transient ice flow at the continental -%scale: -% -% \begin{itemize} -% \item Higher-order Blatter/Pattyn model implementation \cite{Blatter1995,Pattyn1996} -% \item Anisotropic adaptation: to reduce amount of dofs (degrees of freedom) involved in the -% solution of large scale systems. -% \item Prognostic and Thermal -% \end{itemize} -%\end{frame} -%%}}} -%\begin{frame}\frametitle{Development rationale-3}%{{{1 -% -% \begin{itemize} -% \item Sensitivities/sampling -% \item Assimilation of ice thickness to verify mass transport -% \item 3D hydrostatic grounding line migration -% \item Hydrology -% \end{itemize} -%\end{frame} -%%}}} - -%\subsection{References} - -\begin{frame}[allowframebreaks]{Bibliography}%{{{1 - \bibliographystyle{apalike} - \bibliography{references} -\end{frame}%}}} -%}}} -%Thanks slide{{{ -\usebackgroundtemplate{\includegraphics[width=\paperwidth,height=\paperheight]{Thanksbg}} -\begin{frame}[plain] - \ghostframe - \begin{center} - \vspace*{-0.1\paperheight} - \hspace*{-0.15\paperwidth}\Huge{Thanks!} - \end{center} - \note{Thank you very much for your attention} -\end{frame} -\usebackgroundtemplate{} -%}}} - -\end{document} Index: sm/workshop/2012/Talks/02_Capabilities/Makefile =================================================================== --- /issm/workshop/2012/Talks/02_Capabilities/Makefile (revision 14030) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,44 +1,0 @@ -#Makefile for beamer -TARGET=02_Capabilities - -export TEXINPUTS=$(ISSMJPL_DIR)/publications/templates/beamer/Theme/Pasadena//: - -all: one - -update: - pdflatex -halt-on-error -file-line-error $(TARGET).tex - -one: - pdflatex -halt-on-error -file-line-error $(TARGET).tex - open $(TARGET).pdf - -complete: - pdflatex -halt-on-error -file-line-error -draftmode $(TARGET).tex - bibtex $(TARGET) - pdflatex -halt-on-error -file-line-error -draftmode $(TARGET).tex - pdflatex -halt-on-error -file-line-error $(TARGET).tex - open $(TARGET).pdf - -bib: - 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B - drag - Parallel computing - Rifting/Faulting - Higher-order, FS - Anisotropic adaptation - Prognostic - Thermal - Sensitivities/sampling - Assimilation of ice thickness to verify mass transport - 3D hydrostatic grounding line migration - Hydrology - -Software management: - svn/trac - nightly runs - test suite - doxygen Index: sm/workshop/2012/Talks/02_Capabilities/x.log =================================================================== --- /issm/workshop/2012/Talks/02_Capabilities/x.log (revision 14030) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,34 +1,0 @@ -This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.3-1.40.12 (TeX Live 2011) (format=pdflatex 2011.7.3) 26 NOV 2012 15:58 -entering extended mode - restricted \write18 enabled. - file:line:error style messages enabled. - %&-line parsing enabled. -**03_ISSM_capabilities.tex -(/usr/local/texlive/2011/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/x.tex -LaTeX2e <2009/09/24> -Babel and hyphenation patterns for english, dumylang, nohyphenation, ge -rman-x-2009-06-19, ngerman-x-2009-06-19, afrikaans, ancientgreek, ibycus, arabi -c, armenian, basque, bulgarian, catalan, pinyin, coptic, croatian, czech, danis -h, dutch, ukenglish, usenglishmax, esperanto, estonian, ethiopic, farsi, finnis -h, french, galician, german, ngerman, swissgerman, monogreek, greek, hungarian, - 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